The former Brazilian leader has been taken into custody after authorities found he posed a definite escape threat while under home confinement.
The one-time leader was sentenced of plotting a armed takeover in last fall and given more than 27 years in prison, but he remained under confinement pending appeals.
Top Judicial Official Justice Moraes said the decision to arrest the septuagenarian politician was a preventative measure after fresh information came to light.
This involved trying to remove his tracking device and a invitation to a supporters' gathering that could facilitate a potential flight.
In a filing authorising the arrest, the magistrate said data from the centre monitoring the former president's confinement suggested the ex-president's aim to disable the surveillance device to guarantee victory in his escape.
This, it said, would be "facilitated by the confusion caused by the protest called by his son.
His offspring, Flávio, who holds office as a legislator, called for a meeting of his backers near Bolsonaro's home to take place on the weekend.
Flávio Bolsonaro wrote on online platforms on Friday: Will you battle for your country, or watch it all from your mobile device there on your settee? I invite you to battle with us."
He said the vigil would be so followers could seek divine intervention for his well-being and for the return of democracy in our nation."
Part of the magistrate's ruling was the potential of the former president's "relocation to diplomatic missions near the dwelling, considering that the inquiries revealed a background of arranging to seek refuge through a diplomatic representation", a statement said.
The legal document highlights that the US embassy in the national capital, Brasilia, is located around approximately 13 kilometers from Bolsonaro's home.
Bolsonaro's legal woes have drawn the ire of fellow conservative nationalist American leader Donald Trump, leading him to implement a half-rate duty on imports of Brazilian goods.
The former president is being detained in a national police facility in Brazil's capital city and will undergo a detention review on Sunday.
It was only on Friday that the his legal team asked the Supreme Court to authorize him to complete his entire prison term under domestic detention, with electronic monitoring.
They also petitioned that he be allowed to exit his dwelling for healthcare, saying he needed regular treatment for respiratory ailments and other ailments.
Bolsonaro was determined responsible of heading a conspiracy aimed at maintaining his control after he was defeated in the national vote to his ideological adversary, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
High Court judges said that he had knowledge of a plot which involved plans to murder the current president and his running partner, Alckmin, and to detain and kill Alexandre de Moraes - the top judicial official who has been managing Bolsonaro's trial.
The scheme was thwarted because it couldn't obtain the support of the military leaders. The current president was took office without issue on 1 January 2023.
But a seven days after, on the eighth of January, numerous his backers invaded and destroyed public facilities in the national capital, the capital city.
The law enforcement took action and around fifteen hundred individuals were taken into custody.
The judges found that the rioters had been incited by the former president whose scheme, they said, was for the country's army to take action, restore order and reinstate his authority.
At the period, the legal team called the over 27-year sentence unreasonably severe".
He was also prohibited from campaigning for office until the year 2060 - eight years later after the completion of his term.
The one-time head of state called the court case a targeted investigation" and said it was aimed at blocking him participating in the 2026 presidential election.
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